What 𞺑 means
The style distinguishes the mathematical symbol. Ṣād (ص) is the name of an Arabic letter, not an operation. In Arabic and Persian mathematical notation, letter styles distinguish symbols, much like italics and bold do in other formulas. Arabic mathematical symbols predate the 15th century. The chart's sample forms draw on a copy of a manuscript by Ibn al-Banna, a North African mathematician (1256–1321), and resemble forms in North African manuscripts from the 16th century.
Arabic math letters do not join like ordinary Arabic writing. Maghreb (North Africa) and Mashreq (Middle East) conventions differ in formula direction and some letters used as function abbreviations.
Who writes 𞺑
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Don't confuse it with
1Questions people ask
1Why does 𞺑 show as a box on some devices?
Because that device's fonts have no glyph for it. The character is still correct and still copies correctly — the box is a missing glyph, not a broken character.
How to type or find 𞺑
- Search it as
- arabic math · arabic math letter · looped ṣād · ص math
- Shows up in
- Anything that takes text · its shape is whatever your font draws
𞺑\1EE91Codes and encoding1 code points
A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.

