What ᵛ means
It changes how the preceding symbol is read.
In phonetic notation, [bᵛ] can show a plosive with a v-like release. In Avestan transcription—the system for writing the ancient Iranian language used in Zoroastrian texts—xᵛ marks a labialized velar fricative: a rough sound made at the back of the mouth with rounded lips. The convention depends on the system.
Raised phonetic modifiers have a longer history: a 1901 proposal for transcribing Finno-Ugric languages used them. Avestan has a parallel convention, so ᵛ has no single reading across systems.
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Who writes ᵛ
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Don't confuse it with
1
Combination ideas
2Questions people ask
1Can Unicode normalization turn ᵛ into v?
Yes. Compatibility normalization forms NFKC and NFKD map ᵛ to ordinary v, removing its raised form. Preserve the original character when that distinction must survive.
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How to type or find ᵛ
- Also called
- superscript v
- Search it as
- phonetic v · labialization · labialized x · IPA superscript v
- Shows up in
- Anything that takes text · its shape is whatever your font draws
ᵛ\1D5BCodes and encoding1 code points
A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.