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𐌔

old italic letter es

Old Italic Letter Es

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This ancient letter sits in the Etruscan alphabet, where one regional tradition gave it an “s” sound and another gave it “sh.”

Text symbol

What 𐌔 means

Southern Etruscan used “s”; northern Etruscan used “sh.”

Southern inscriptions use it for the s in “see”; northern ones use it for the sh in “ship.” The region, not the isolated letter, settles the reading.

How did Greek writing reach Etruscan?

Greek settlers brought the alphabet; Etruscans adapted it.

Greek settlers from Euboea brought an alphabet to Italy in the eighth century BCE; written Etruscan appears by about 700 BCE. Inscriptions marked offerings, ownership, trade, and burials. Greek Σ is in this letter’s lineage. A southern Etruscan alphabet became the model for Latin writing around the mid-seventh century BCE.

Archaic Etruscan inscriptions usually ran right to left. Unicode's left-to-right text direction does not reproduce that orientation by itself.

Part of the collection

Who writes 𐌔

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What it means when someone sends it to you

2 readings

“s,” as in “see.”

Don't confuse it with

1

Questions people ask

1

Why does 𐌔 show as a box on some devices?

Because that device's fonts have no glyph for it. The character is still correct and still copies correctly — the box is a missing glyph, not a broken character.

How to type or find 𐌔

Search it as
Etruscan s · Etruscan sigma · Old Italic s · 𐌔 meaning
Shows up in
Anything that takes text · its shape is whatever your font draws
Windows (Word)
⎇Alt+XType 10314, then AltX to get 𐌔.
Windows
⊞Win+Rrun charmap for the full table, or use the emoji picker's Ω symbols tab (Win .).
macOS
⌃Control+⌘Command+␣SpaceOpen the character viewer and search “old italic letter es”.
Linux
⎈Ctrl+⇧Shift+UType 10314, then Enter or Space.
HTML
𐌔
CSS
\10314
Codes and encoding1 code points
HTML decimal
𐌔
HTML hex
𐌔
CSS content
content: "\10314";
Each escape is closed by the next backslash; a trailing space is needed before a literal hex digit.
URL encoded
%F0%90%8C%94
1
On screen
1
Code points
2
JS .length
4
UTF-8 bytes

A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.

Families this belongs to

1

Ancient scripts9,099 symbols