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ㆷ

bopomofo final letter h

Bopomofo Final Letter H

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ㆷ is the small final form related to ㄏ: after a vowel it marks a glottal stop, a brief catch in the throat. It appears in specialized Taiwanese phonetic notation for Hokkien (Minnan) and Hakka. The extended Minnan and Hakka set was designed in 1948.

Text symbol

What ㆷ means

It marks a syllable-final glottal stop, a brief catch in the throat.

In Taiwanese Hokkien phonetic notation, ㆷ follows the vowel to close the syllable. It is the small final form related to ㄏ, which writes an initial h; its size and position identify the ending. The extended series also has small final letters for p, t, and k.

Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols were devised by Chu Chao-hsiang in 1946 to teach local speech by extending Mandarin Zhuyin, a symbol system for writing Mandarin pronunciation. The postwar scheme described local speech as a bridge toward Mandarin; the later extension covers Minnan and Hakka.

How do I type ㆷ?

Use a Taiwanese phonetic input layout.

A standard Mandarin Zhuyin layout covers the core set; ㆷ belongs to the dialect extension. Taiwanese phonetic input methods assign extended letters separately, sometimes to Shift or otherwise-unused keys. Exact assignments depend on the layout, so a Mandarin ㄏ key is not a universal way to enter ㆷ.

Why is ㆷ so small?

The small shape marks its syllable-final position.

Like the final p, t, and k letters in the extended series, ㆷ is displayed smaller and close to the vowel. Unicode encodes this final form separately so plain text can preserve it. If a font lacks ㆷ, it may show a box or blank; that is a font-coverage problem, not a different letter.

A dot above ㆷ marks its yang-entering tone, a traditional tone category for stop-final syllables. The dot changes the tone reading; ㆷ still marks the final glottal stop.

Technical and specialist: it signals Taiwanese dialect phonetic transcription.

Read it after the vowel: its small form marks the ending.

Who writes ㆷ

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Don't confuse it with

1

Combination ideas

3
Taiwanese spelling of 桌 (table); ㆷ closes the syllable with a glottal stop.
Taiwanese spelling of 塔 (tower); final ㆷ adds the glottal-stop ending.
Taiwanese spelling of 食 (eat); the dot marks its yang-entering tone.

Questions people ask

1

Can ㆷ be used in ordinary Mandarin Zhuyin?

Usually, no. It belongs to the extended notation for Minnan and Hakka sounds; ordinary Mandarin Zhuyin uses the core set.

Collections with ㆷ

2

How to type or find ㆷ

Also called
small ㄏ · Hokkien final h · Taiwanese final h
Search it as
small-h · final-h · coda-h · h-coda · glottal-stop · taigi · hokkien · fangyin
Shows up in
Anything that takes text · its shape is whatever your font draws
Windows (Word)
⎇Alt+XType 31B7, then AltX to get ㆷ.
Windows
⊞Win+Rrun charmap for the full table, or use the emoji picker's Ω symbols tab (Win .).
macOS
⌃Control+⌘Command+␣SpaceOpen the character viewer and search “bopomofo final letter h”.
Linux
⎈Ctrl+⇧Shift+UType 31b7, then Enter or Space.
HTML
ㆷ
CSS
\31B7
Taiwanese Bopomofo input method
Use its extended or dialect layout; some assign extra letters to Shift or spare keys.
Codes and encoding1 code points
HTML decimal
ㆷ
HTML hex
ㆷ
CSS content
content: "\31B7";
Each escape is closed by the next backslash; a trailing space is needed before a literal hex digit.
URL encoded
%E3%86%B7
1
On screen
1
Code points
1
JS .length
3
UTF-8 bytes

A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.

Families this belongs to

1

Chinese, Japanese & Korean121,370 symbols