How upside down text works
There is no upside down font and no formatting trick. Each flipped letter is an ordinary Unicode character that happens to look like a Latin letter turned through 180 degrees. Most of the small letters come from the International Phonetic Alphabet, where linguists have used turned letters for sounds since the 1880s: ɐ is a vowel between a and ə, ɥ is the French u-glide in huit, ɯ an unrounded u, ɹ the English r, ʌ the vowel of cup, ʍ a voiceless w, ʎ the Italian gl in figlio, and ʇ stood for a click sound until the IPA retired it in 1989. Unicode has carried them since version 1.1, so they render on practically every device.
The rest are borrowed from wherever a matching shape exists. (for all), (intersection) and (up tack) are maths symbols. ꓭ ꓘ ꓤ are letters of the Fraser alphabet for Lisu, a language of China and Myanmar, which builds its extra letters by turning Latin capitals. ᗡ and ᔭ are Canadian Aboriginal syllabics, Ԁ is the Komi letter De of the Cyrillic alphabet, ᄅ is the Korean consonant rieul, ㄣ ㄥ are Bopomofo letters from Taiwan, Ό is a Greek omicron with an accent, פ the Hebrew letter pe and 𐐒 a letter of the Deseret alphabet invented in 1850s Utah. A generator does not care what a character means, only what it looks like.
The second half of the trick is order. Turning a page round reverses the sequence as well as each letter, so a generator writes the text backwards and then swaps every character: hello becomes ollǝɥ, and upside down text becomes ʇxǝʇ uʍop ǝpᴉsdn. Read it with your phone turned over and it comes out the right way round.
The upside down alphabet, letter by letter
Small letters: a ɐ, b q, c ɔ, d p, e ǝ, f ɟ, g ƃ, h ɥ, i ᴉ, j ɾ, k ʞ, l l, m ɯ, n u, o o, p d, q b, r ɹ, s s, t ʇ, u n, v ʌ, w ʍ, x x, y ʎ, z z. Seven letters need no substitute at all: b and q, d and p, n and u simply trade places, and l, o, s, x, z look the same both ways in most fonts. Where Unicode has its own named turned letter, it is in the second row: ᵷ turned g, ꞁ turned l, ⅎ turned small f, and the dotless ı that older generators use for i.
Capitals: A , B ꓭ, C Ɔ, D ᗡ, E Ǝ, F Ⅎ, G , H H, I I, J ſ, K ꓘ, L , M W, N N, O O, P Ԁ, Q Ό, R ᴚ, S S, T , U , V Λ, W M, X X, Y , Z Z. Capitals are harder than small letters because fewer flipped shapes exist, which is why generators disagree on B (ꓭ or the Deseret 𐐒), G ( or the Hebrew פ), K (ꓘ or Ʞ), L (, or Ꞁ), R (ᴚ or ꓤ) and T ( or Ʇ). All of them are here, so you can pick the one your font draws best.
Digits: 0 0, 1 Ɩ, 2 ᄅ, 3 Ɛ, 4 ㄣ, 5 ϛ, 6 9, 7 ㄥ, 8 8, 9 6. Unicode also has a real turned two and three, , added in 2015 as the digits for ten and eleven in base twelve; they are correct but still missing from many fonts. Punctuation: a full stop becomes a raised dot , the comma and apostrophe swap (' and ,), a double quote becomes „, the question and exclamation marks become ¿ and ¡ (and the interrobang ‽ becomes ⸘), the ampersand becomes , the underscore an overline ‾, the semicolon the Arabic ؛, the dagger † the turned dagger ⸸, and every bracket swaps with its partner.
Where upside down text works, and where it breaks
Because it is plain text, it pastes anywhere text goes: Instagram and TikTok bios and captions, X posts, WhatsApp and Telegram messages, Discord display names and messages, YouTube comments, Word documents, spreadsheet cells, even file names. The ones to watch are the rare borrowed letters. 𐐒 sits outside the Basic Multilingual Plane and Ʞ Ʇ are recent, so on an older phone or a stripped-down font they show as a box; ꓭ, Ԁ and ᗡ are safer. Usernames and handles (the part after @) accept only plain letters, digits, dots and underscores on most platforms, so keep flipped text for display names, bios and posts.
Two things upside down text cannot do. Search does not understand it: a flipped word is a string of phonetic and foreign letters, so nobody finds your post by searching for the plain word, and spell-checkers underline everything. And screen readers read what is really there: ɐ is announced as "Latin small letter turned a" or skipped, ꓭ as "Lisu letter gha". A flipped sentence is unreadable to a blind reader, so use it for a name or a joke, and put anything that matters in plain text too.
The upside down words on baseball caps are the same idea in thread: city and team names stitched the wrong way up so the wearer can read them in a mirror or looking down. It is a styling joke, not a code. To carry the look into a profile, copy the letters here, or flip a whole phrase with the combos below and the Upside-Down Face, the emoji that says the same thing: nothing here is quite as it should be.
How to type upside down letters and the upside down question mark
No keyboard layout types the flipped alphabet, so the normal way is to copy from this page: tap a letter to copy it, or copy a finished phrase from the combos. For a long text, any upside down text generator does the two steps above, reverse the string and swap each character from this table. If you write code, that is a dictionary lookup over the reversed string, nothing more.
¿ and ¡ are different: they are everyday Spanish punctuation, so keyboards do know them. On a Mac press Option Shift ? for ¿ and Option 1 for ¡. On Windows hold Alt and type 0191 for ¿ or 0161 for ¡ on the numeric keypad. On an iPhone or Android phone hold the ? or ! key and slide to the inverted mark. With a Spanish or US International keyboard layout both have their own keys. In Word, type a hex code and press Alt X: 00BF gives ¿, 0250 gives ɐ, 01DD gives ǝ. To turn a whole paragraph upside down in Word without special characters, put it in a text box and rotate the box 180 degrees; that is formatting, though, and will not survive copy and paste into a chat.
For related letter styles see Backwards Letters (Mirror Text) for text flipped left to right instead of top to bottom, IPA Phonetic Symbols for the turned letters in their original job, and Letter Emoji & Alphabet Symbols for the other alphabets to copy; Punctuation Symbols has ¿ and ¡ among their relatives.
기호
104기호를 클릭하면 복사되고 해당 페이지가 열립니다.
Small letters a to m, upside down
the plain letter above, its flipped form below; b, d and p, q simply swap
Small letters n to z, upside down
o, s, x and z stay the same; n and u swap
Capital letters A to M, upside down
the first row is what generators use; the rows below are other letters that work
Capital letters N to Z, upside down
H, I, N, O, S, X and Z read the same both ways; M and W swap
Digits upside down
6 and 9 swap, 0 and 8 stay; ↊ and ↋ are Unicode's own turned 2 and 3
Punctuation upside down
a flipped sentence starts with ¿ or ¡ and ends with ˙; the comma and apostrophe trade places
How to use them
6 situations클릭하여 복사Upside Down Letters (Upside Down Text) combos
14알아 두면 좋은 점
- Ⅎ was invented by the Roman emperor Claudius around AD 47 as a letter for the w sound; it was carved into inscriptions during his reign and dropped the moment he died. Unicode added its small form ⅎ in 2006.
- ꓭ, ꓘ and ꓤ are real letters of the Lisu language, written in the Fraser alphabet of 1915, which made its extra letters by turning and reversing Latin capitals, which is exactly why they can stand in for a flipped B, K and R.
- and , the turned two and three, were added in Unicode 8.0 (2015) as the digits for ten and eleven in base twelve, proposed by the Dozenal Society of Great Britain. The Upside-Down Face arrived in the same release.
- The Real Academia Española recommended the inverted question mark ¿ in 1754, and the inverted exclamation mark ¡ followed; it took about a century for Spanish printers to use them consistently.
- , the turned ampersand, is the 'par' connective of linear logic (Jean-Yves Girard, 1987), and was added to Unicode in 2002 for combinatorial game theory, where it stands for a game.
자주 묻는 질문
8How do I copy and paste upside down text?
Tap any flipped letter in the grid to copy it, or copy a ready phrase from the combos, then paste it with Ctrl V, Cmd V or long-press and Paste. To flip your own sentence, write it backwards and replace each letter with its upside down form from the table, or let an upside down text generator do both steps.
What is upside down text and how does it work?
Upside down text is ordinary text written with Unicode characters that look like letters turned through 180 degrees, mostly phonetic letters such as ɐ ǝ ɥ ɯ ɹ ʇ ʌ ʍ ʎ and borrowed shapes such as ꓭ Ɔ ᗡ Ǝ. The order of the letters is reversed too, so the line reads correctly when you turn the screen round. No font or formatting is involved, so it pastes anywhere.
How do I type an upside down question mark?
¿ is a Spanish punctuation mark, so keyboards support it: Option Shift ? on a Mac, Alt 0191 on the Windows numeric keypad, hold the ? key on an iPhone or Android, or type 00BF then Alt X in Word. Spanish and US International layouts have a key for it.
How do I type an upside down exclamation mark?
¡ is Option 1 on a Mac, Alt 0161 on Windows, a long press on the ! key on a phone, and 00A1 then Alt X in Word. In Spanish it opens every exclamation: ¡Feliz cumpleaños!
Is there an upside down e?
Yes: ǝ (U01DD, Latin small letter turned e) is the one used in upside down text, and Ǝ is its capital. The schwa ə , the vowel of 'about' in phonetics, looks the same in most fonts but is a different character; copy ǝ for flipped text and ə for phonetics.
How do I write upside down text in Word?
Either paste the characters from this page, which stay text and survive saving and sharing, or select the text, put it in a text box (Insert Text Box) and rotate the box 180 degrees with the rotation handle or Format Rotate. The rotated box looks right in Word but turns back into normal text when copied elsewhere.
Does upside down text work on Discord, Instagram and WhatsApp?
Yes in messages, bios, captions and display names, because it is plain text. It does not work in usernames and handles, which allow only letters, digits, dots and underscores, and a few rare substitutes such as 𐐒 or may show as boxes on older phones; ꓭ and ᄅ are safer choices.
What do upside down letters on hats mean?
Nothing secret. The caps with a city or team name stitched the wrong way up are a streetwear trend, a visual joke that reads right in a mirror or when the wearer looks down. If you want the same look in a profile or a design, copy the flipped letters from this page.
