Cham letter final n

It marks n at the end of a Cham syllable.

Cham consonant letters usually carry an unwritten vowel; ꩆ marks the n sound with no vowel after it.

It can close a whole word or an earlier syllable inside a longer word, before the next syllable begins.

How did Cham writing develop?

Cham writing grew from Brahmi, an ancient South Asian script.

Inscription C.174 from Quảng Nam, in present-day central Vietnam, is dated to the 4th or 5th century. It shows an older form of Cham writing, not the age of this letter's exact form.

Cham writing was carved on stones and towers; palm-leaf manuscripts preserved temple prayers and ritual instructions. An inscription dated to the seventeenth century shows Akhar Thrah, an Eastern Cham script; it later served administrative, historical, literary, and religious writing. Eastern and Western Cham developed distinct written traditions. In Cambodia, Cham Islamic manuscripts shifted heavily toward Jawi, a script based on Arabic letters, from the mid-19th century. Some Cham communities known as akhar srak kept the local script in use as part of their identity and practice.

How do I type the Cham final n?

Choose the dedicated Cham final-n letter.

Cham has no virama, a mark that removes a consonant's unwritten vowel. Final consonants are separate letters, so ꩆ is not made by adding that mark to the initial n, ꨘ.

Cham fonts often draw final letters with a longer stroke on the right. The drawing can vary by font, but the character remains ꩆ. Eastern and Western Cham have distinct writing traditions, so check which variety your text uses before treating their final-n forms as interchangeable.