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͉

combining left angle below

Combining Left Angle Below

͉ marks weak articulation in phonetic transcription. You’ll see it in the Extended IPA (extIPA) and in linguistic sound inventories; PHOIBLE 2.0 uses it for lenis, a weaker consonant category. Lenis does not simply mean voiced.

Text symbol
Also called
weak articulation mark · lenis mark · subcorner
Search it as
ipa · extipa · lenis · weak articulation · phonetic diacritic
Shows up in
Anything that takes text · its shape is whatever your font draws

What ͉ means

It marks weak articulation in extIPA transcription. The mark describes how a speech sound is made; its exact label depends on the transcription system.

The Extended IPA (extIPA) expands the International Phonetic Alphabet for detailed speech transcription, including disordered speech. Its signs were being developed by 1989, and the International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association adopted the chart in 1994.

PHOIBLE 2.0, a database of language sound inventories, uses it for lenis in languages that distinguish stronger (fortis), plain, and weaker (lenis) consonants. That contrast is not just voiced versus voiceless.

How do I place ͉ after a base letter?

Place it after the letter it modifies. It is a combining mark, so it needs a base letter, as in v͉.

The mark can stack with one that shows where a sound is made: in t̪͉, the small mark under t says the tongue touches the teeth; in t̺͉, it says the tongue tip makes the sound. In both, ͉ adds weak articulation. A descender or lower mark can crowd it, and fonts vary in how they position the marks.

Specialist phonetic notation: it appears in extIPA clinical transcription and linguistic sound inventories.

Do not confuse `͉` with `̚`: this mark signals weak articulation; that one marks a stop without an audible release.

Don't confuse it with

2

Combination ideas

2
PHOIBLE records a dental t sound with weak articulation.
PHOIBLE records a tongue-tip t sound with weak articulation.

Questions people ask

1

Why does ͉ look detached or collide with the letter?

It is a font-rendering difference. `͉` attaches to a preceding letter, so it may look offset or become crowded by a descender or another lower mark.

How to type ͉

Windows (Word)
Alt+XType 0349, then Alt+X to get ͉.
Windows
Win+Rrun charmap for the full table, or use the emoji picker's Ω symbols tab (Win + .).
macOS
Control+Command+SpaceOpen the character viewer and search “combining left angle below”.
Linux
Ctrl+Shift+UType 0349, then Enter or Space.
HTML
͉
CSS
\0349
Unicode picker
Find Combining Left Angle Below in your editor’s Unicode picker and insert it after the base letter.
Keyman BU Phonetic
The 2023 Keyman BU Phonetic manual gives Ctrl+Shift+#; enter it after the base letter.
TIPA subcorner
TIPA is a TeX phonetics package; its 2004 manual uses \subcorner{v} with the extra option for extIPA typesetting.
Codes and encoding1 code points
HTML decimal
͉
HTML hex
͉
CSS content
content: "\0349";
Each escape is closed by the next backslash; a trailing space is needed before a literal hex digit.
URL encoded
%CD%89
1
On screen
1
Code points
1
JS .length
2
UTF-8 bytes

A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.

Families this belongs to

1

Accents & marks659 symbols