Hangul syllable Cweob

Use a Korean IME: enter ㅊ, ㅜ, ㅓ, then ㅂ.

The input method combines ㅜ + ㅓ into ㅝ, then places ㅊ, ㅝ, and final ㅂ into one syllable block. No special key is needed for the finished block.

what does 췁 mean by itself?

By itself, 췁 is a Hangul syllable, not a word.

It contributes one syllable inside a Korean word; the surrounding syllables give that word its meaning. Alone, it is best read as a character sample.

King Sejong and scholars of the Hall of Worthies, a royal research institute, developed Hangul in 1443. Korean writing had used Chinese characters and adaptations such as Idu, which used those characters to write Korean; the new alphabet was designed to fit Korean more directly and be easier to learn. Its original name was Hunminjeongeum; a book explaining its purpose and design appeared in 1446.

The writing system also went by Jeongeum, Eonmun, and Banjeol; after the Gabo Reform of 1894, Gukmun and Gukseo were common names. Records place the name Hangeul in the early 1910s, though its starting date is disputed; it spread widely after the public holiday took that name in 1928. These are names for Hangul as a whole, not extra meanings of 췁.

why does 췁 split into jamo?

It is one syllable stored as three jamo.

Its conjoining jamo are ᄎ (first consonant), ᅯ (vowel), and ᆸ (final consonant). NFD, Unicode's decomposed form, exposes these components; NFC, its composed form, recombines them as 췁. Software should display either form as one Hangul syllable. If the jamo appear apart, the app or font may not be shaping the sequence.