What ̒ means
Put it after a base letter; it attaches as a nonspacing mark.
Alone, it has no letter to modify, so it can float or disappear. In g̒, g comes first and the mark follows; keep the pair together when editing or wrapping text.
Insert U+0312 immediately after the base character. A Unicode picker is useful when your keyboard has no dedicated key for it.
Why is the turned comma associated with Latvian?
In Latvian typography, it marks a softened consonant.
Latvian spelling adapted conventions from German orthography and gradually added comma-like marks for palatalized consonants—sounds made with the tongue raised toward the roof of the mouth. The turned shape solves a placement problem around lowercase g’s descender; it does not add punctuation.
Why can the same Latvian mark look different?
The base letter and font can change where it appears.
Latvian lowercase g may show a rotated comma above its descender; uppercase G normally keeps the mark below. Other fonts or handwriting may place it below or use an acute-like shape, so appearance alone may not identify the encoded mark.
Encoding adds another wrinkle: U+0327 is the cedilla used in canonical decompositions of Latvian letters, while U+0326 is a distinct comma-below mark associated with Latvian, Romanian, and Livonian. The standard also links this turned mark to spacing modifier letter ʻ U+02BB, which does not attach to a base. For cedilla-like letters, Latvian and Romanian use comma-shaped forms; Turkish and Marshallese use the traditional cedilla shape. ̓ and ̔ are different Greek marks: in traditional spelling, one signals smooth breathing and the other an initial h sound.
Technical and language-specific: it belongs in Latvian or specialist text, not as casual punctuation.
A comma above lowercase g does not prove that U+0312 was encoded.
Don't confuse it with
5Questions people ask
3Can I use this as an ordinary comma?
No. It attaches to a preceding character, so it does not separate words or clauses.
Why does the Latvian comma sit above lowercase g?
To clear the descender. Latvian typography may turn the comma above lowercase g; fonts and handwriting can place it elsewhere.
Does a comma above g prove U+0312 was used?
No. The same-looking Latvian mark can be encoded with another combining character, including U+0327 or U+0326. Appearance alone does not identify the sequence.
How to type ̒
̒\0312Codes and encoding1 code points
A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.