Duployan Affix High Vertical

Its value depends on the system. Sloan uses it for tele- (“at a distance”); Pernin uses its joined form for -ime. A zero-width joiner (ZWJ) attaches the sign vertically to a neighboring letter.

How did the shorthand family develop?

It began as French shorthand. Duployé simplified Conen de Prépéan’s French shorthand, as revised by Aimé Paris, for faster, easier writing. An early version appeared in 1860; the fuller method followed in 1867. Pernin and Sloan published English adaptations by 1882.

Catholic priest Jean-Marie Le Jeune adapted the wider system for Chinook Jargon, the region’s trade language, and other Indigenous languages in interior British Columbia. The Kamloops Wawa printed this adaptation from 1891–1923, using it to write whole languages.