What ͒ means
It marks a speech sound held with extra force. In UPA (the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet), a system for recording sounds in Uralic languages such as Finnish, Estonian, and Hungarian, this is called loud prolongation: the sound is held out like a call or shout. The mark attaches to the letter for that sound, so it has no separate reading by itself.
Linguist Setälä published UPA in 1901; this mark appears in published UPA examples by 1939. In 2002, a Unicode proposal sought to make UPA available as plain text so linguists, librarians, and publishers could search and process precise sound distinctions.
How is ͒ connected to the musical fermata?
Their shapes connect, but the signs do different jobs.
A same-shaped corona appears in a Bologna manuscript at the end of the 14th century. There, its placement marks verse endings and gives weight to phrase endings, sometimes matching the music to a passage's emotion. By the Baroque period, the familiar arc-over-dot form was standard; depending on placement and performance tradition, it could lengthen a note or rest, mark a phrase ending, leave a breath, or open space for a cadenza (an improvised solo passage).
Specialist UPA notation; it marks forceful speech length, not musical timing.
Use for a score, not ͒.
Part of the collection
Don't confuse it with
1
Combination ideas
1Questions people ask
1Why does ͒ sometimes show a dotted circle?
The dotted circle is a display placeholder, not part of ͒. It shows where an unattached combining mark sits; with a letter, the mark's position depends on that letter and the font.
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How to type or find ͒
- Search it as
- upa · fut · uralic transcription · finno-ugric transcription · loud prolongation · phonetic transcription · calling · shouting
- Shows up in
- Anything that takes text · its shape is whatever your font draws
͒\0352Codes and encoding1 code points
A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.