What ⨍ means
It denotes a finite-part integral.
The Hadamard finite-part method, associated with mathematician Jacques Hadamard, assigns a defined value to some integrals whose ordinary limit diverges: in a limiting calculation, remove terms that blow up and keep the finite remainder. Later work connected it to distributions—generalized functions used to handle singularities—and applied it in differential equations, mathematical physics, and numerical integration.
Use the stated prescription
In a formula, ⨍ signals that ordinary convergence is not assumed. Read it as a request to apply the author's finite-part prescription; the symbol alone does not specify which limiting procedure was chosen.
Its outline comes from the math font. Bidirectional text layout can mirror it in right-to-left text, and surrounding mathematics can affect where a line breaks.
Specialist notation in mathematical analysis, differential equations, mathematical physics, and numerical work.
Do not substitute a Cauchy principal-value sign until you check the stated definition.
Don't confuse it with
2Questions people ask
1Is a finite-part integral the same as a principal-value integral?
No. Both address problematic limits, but a finite part removes divergent terms from its limiting expansion. A Cauchy principal value follows a different prescription; use the definition given with the formula.
How to type ⨍
⨍\2A0DCodes and encoding1 code points
A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.