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〱

vertical kana repeat mark

Vertical Kana Repeat Mark

〱 is a Japanese repetition mark: in vertical writing, it stands for a just-written run of two or more characters. Called くの字点 (“ku-shaped mark”), it saved writing effort in older texts and appears in historical or deliberately period-styled vertical typography. Its stretched shape resembles く, but it tells you to repeat text rather than read the hiragana letter.

Text symbol
Also called
くの字点 · くのじてん · kunoji-ten
Search it as
kunoji · くの字 · 踊り字 · おどりじ
Shows up in
Anything that takes text · its shape is whatever your font draws

What 〱 means

In vertical Japanese, it repeats a multi-character run.

The Japanese name くの字点 means “ku-shaped mark”; the outline resembles the hiragana character く. It is the unvoiced form; 〲 is its voiced counterpart. Voicing means the vocal cords vibrate during a consonant; 〲 marks a voiced version of the repeated run.

The earliest identifiable examples are kana messages in Japanese documents from around 964–968. Kana are Japanese syllabic signs. The mark saved the work of writing repeated text; later documents also place it after kanji, Japanese characters used to write words, in some repeated words.

Why does 〱 look wrong horizontally?

It is designed for vertical Japanese composition.

The full mark takes two character spaces vertically; 〳 and 〵 are one-space halves intended to join into it. Without vertical layout or suitable font support, the mark may look cramped or misplaced, and the halves can appear as separate slashes.

How do I type 〱?

A character palette is the most dependable route.

Search your editor’s character palette for くの字点. Ordinary kana-to-text conversion may not offer it, and the font must contain the glyph. Use a vertical text frame when the layout matters.

It points to vertical Japanese, older text, or deliberate period styling; it feels out of place in ordinary chat.

In horizontal text, it can resemble a malformed く; write the repeated characters out when clarity matters.

Don't confuse it with

2

Questions people ask

1

Why does 〱 show as a box on some devices?

Because that device's fonts have no glyph for it. The character is still correct and still copies correctly — the box is a missing glyph, not a broken character.

How to type 〱

Windows (Word)
Alt+XType 3031, then Alt+X to get 〱.
Windows
Win+Rrun charmap for the full table, or use the emoji picker's Ω symbols tab (Win + .).
macOS
Control+Command+SpaceOpen the character viewer and search “vertical kana repeat mark”.
Linux
Ctrl+Shift+UType 3031, then Enter or Space.
HTML
〱
CSS
\3031
Character palette
Search your editor’s symbol or character palette for くの字点.
Japanese input method
Kana-to-text conversion may not offer the mark; select it manually if it is missing from the results.
Vertical layout
Use a vertical text frame when placement matters; horizontal use can look cramped, and font support varies.
Codes and encoding1 code points
HTML decimal
〱
HTML hex
〱
CSS content
content: "\3031";
Each escape is closed by the next backslash; a trailing space is needed before a literal hex digit.
URL encoded
%E3%80%B1
1
On screen
1
Code points
1
JS .length
3
UTF-8 bytes

A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.

Families this belongs to

1

Chinese, Japanese & Korean121,370 symbols