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inverted interrobang

Inverted Interrobang

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⸘ is the inverted interrobang: an upside-down ‽ that opens a sentence that is both a question and an exclamation, the way ¿ and ¡ open sentences in Spanish, as in ⸘En serio‽ It is a typographers' curiosity, not part of standard Spanish, so most readers won't recognise it.

Text symbol

What ⸘ means

It opens a sentence that asks and exclaims at once. The interrobang ‽ is a single mark fusing ? and !, devised in 1962 by the American advertising executive Martin K. Speckter for lines like “You did what‽” Spanish, Galician and Asturian also mark the start of questions with ¿ and of exclamations with ¡. So a fused closing mark logically wants a fused opener, and ⸘ is that opener: ⸘…‽ frames the whole sentence.

Standard Spanish never needed it. The Royal Spanish Academy's spelling rules handle a startled question by combining the ordinary pairs, ¡¿Qué has hecho?! or ¿¡Qué has hecho!?, and that is what Spanish speakers actually write. ⸘ lives in Unicode, in some fonts and in punctuation enthusiasts' writing, as a neat idea rather than a rule.

What does it mean when someone sends ⸘?

A surprised or disbelieving question, from someone who likes rare punctuation. Read it exactly like “?!”: the words around it tell you whether they are amused, shocked or annoyed. Using ⸘ at all is a small typographic flourish, often a wink. If you see a box instead, the sender's mark is fine; your font simply lacks it.

Playful, nerdy punctuation; charming to people who know the interrobang, puzzling to everyone else.

In ordinary Spanish text ⸘ can look like a botched ¿; use ¡¿…?! when clarity matters.

Part of collections

Don't confuse it with

4

¡¿ Two separate inverted marks, the usual Spanish way to open a question-exclamation; ⸘ fuses them into one rarely supported character.

Combination ideas

5
Spanish-style frame for an incredulous "Really?!"
Startled "What happened?!" opened and closed with interrobangs.
"Seriously?!" in disbelief, Spanish-style.
A shocked "How?!" or "What?!"
A stunned “What?!” in Spanish.

Worth knowing

  • Its nickname “gnaborretni” is just “interrobang” spelled backwards.
  • Speckter built the name “interrobang” from Latin interrogatio (question) and “bang”, printers' slang for the exclamation mark.

Questions people ask

2

Is ⸘ correct Spanish?

No. Standard Spanish writes a startled question as ¡¿…?! or ¿¡…!?. ⸘ is an experimental alternative that most readers won't know.

Why do I see a box instead of ⸘?

Your font doesn't include it. The character is intact; open it in an app or font with wider Unicode coverage to see it.

Collections with ⸘

5

How to type or find ⸘

Also called
gnaborretni · upside-down interrobang · interrobangdown
Search it as
upside down interrobang · interrobang · opening interrobang · ¿¡ · spanish interrobang · ‽
Shows up in
Anything that takes text · its shape is whatever your font draws
Windows (Word)
⎇Alt+XType 2E18, then AltX to get ⸘.
Windows
⊞Win+Rrun charmap for the full table, or use the emoji picker's Ω symbols tab (Win .).
macOS
⌃Control+⌘Command+␣SpaceOpen the character viewer and search “inverted interrobang”.
Linux
⎈Ctrl+⇧Shift+UType 2e18, then Enter or Space.
HTML
⸘
CSS
\2E18
Windows (Word)
Type 2E18, then press AltX.
Mac
Switch to the Unicode Hex Input keyboard, hold Option and type 2E18.
Linux
Press CtrlShiftU, type 2e18, then Enter or Space.
HTML
⸘
LaTeX
\textinterrobangdown with the textcomp package.
Codes and encoding1 code points
HTML decimal
⸘
HTML hex
⸘
CSS content
content: "\2E18";
Each escape is closed by the next backslash; a trailing space is needed before a literal hex digit.
URL encoded
%E2%B8%98
1
On screen
1
Code points
1
JS .length
3
UTF-8 bytes

A visible symbol can contain several code points. JS .length counts UTF-16 units; UTF-8 counts bytes.

Families this belongs to

1

Typography & punctuation332 symbols